Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of people worldwide. This degenerative joint disease occurs when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones wears down over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The shoulder and knee joints are particularly vulnerable to the damaging effects of osteoarthritis, significantly impacting daily activities and quality of life. At the orthopedic surgery and sports medicine practice of Jonathan L. Glashow, MD, in NYC, we specialize in diagnosing and treating osteoarthritis to help patients maintain active, healthy lives.
What You Need to Know About Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a progressive condition that primarily affects weight-bearing joints like the knees, but it can also severely impact the shoulders. The cartilage in these joints acts as a cushion, allowing bones to glide smoothly over one another. In osteoarthritis, this cartilage breaks down, causing bones to rub against each other, leading to pain, inflammation, and joint damage. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 32.5 million adults in the United States suffer from osteoarthritis, and the prevalence increases with age.
The Impact on Knee Joints
The knee joint is one of the most commonly affected areas by osteoarthritis, largely because it bears a significant amount of the body’s weight. As the cartilage wears down, patients may experience pain, swelling, and stiffness, which can severely limit their ability to walk, climb stairs, or engage in physical activities. The CDC reports that knee osteoarthritis affects about 13% of women and 10% of men over the age of 60. In advanced stages, the damage can lead to bone spurs, decreased range of motion, and a grinding sensation when moving the joint.
The Impact on Shoulder Joints
While less common than knee osteoarthritis, shoulder osteoarthritis can be equally debilitating. The shoulder is a complex joint that relies on the smooth interaction of bones, cartilage, and soft tissues to function properly. When osteoarthritis sets in, it can cause pain during movement, a decreased range of motion, and a loss of strength, making it difficult to perform everyday tasks such as lifting objects or reaching overhead. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), shoulder osteoarthritis typically affects individuals over the age of 50 and can be exacerbated by previous injuries or repetitive motion.
The Long-Term Effects
If left untreated, osteoarthritis can lead to severe joint damage and disability. The constant wear and tear on the joint can cause the cartilage to deteriorate completely, leaving bone to rub directly against bone. This can lead to the formation of bone spurs, joint deformities, and chronic pain. In the knee, severe osteoarthritis can cause the joint to become unstable, increasing the risk of falls. In the shoulder, it can lead to frozen shoulder, a condition where the joint becomes so stiff that movement is nearly impossible.
Treatment Options
While osteoarthritis is a chronic and uncurable condition, there are several treatment options available to manage symptoms and slow its progression. At Jonathan L. Glashow, MD’s practice in NYC, we offer a range of treatments tailored to each patient’s needs, including physical therapy, medications, joint preservation, and joint injections. In more advanced cases, surgical options such as joint replacement may be necessary to restore function and alleviate pain.
Osteoarthritis of the shoulder and knee joints can have a profound impact on your quality of life, but with proper management and treatment, it’s possible to maintain an active lifestyle. If you’re experiencing symptoms of osteoarthritis, it’s important to seek professional care to prevent further joint damage. Contact Jonathan L. Glashow, MD, in NYC today to learn more about how we can help you manage osteoarthritis and improve your joint health.
